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This artifact is a 12 pound cast-iron round shot. Shot like these would have been fired from a 12-pound cannon, which were common among both the British and American fleets. This type of object, along with other shot of varying caliber, make up the most commonly recovered object from the site.

Artifact W01-08 is a 12 pound cast-iron round shot. Shot like these would have been fired from a 12-pound cannon, which were common among both the British and American fleets. This type of object, along with other shot of varying caliber, make up the most commonly recovered object from the site.

Artifact W00-03 is a 12 pound cast-iron round shot. Shot like these would have been fired from a 12-pound cannon, which were common among both the British and American fleets. This type of object, along with other shot of varying caliber, make up the most commonly recovered object from the site.

This artifact does not have an identification number as of the 2022 inventory.

Artifact W00-15 is a 12 pound cast-iron round shot. Shot like these would have been fired from a 12-pound cannon, which were common among both the British and American fleets. This type of object, along with other shot of varying caliber, make up the most commonly recovered object from the site.

Artifact W00-07 is a 12 pound cast-iron round shot. Shot like these would have been fired from a 12-pound cannon, which were common among both the British and American fleets. This type of object, along with other shot of varying caliber, make up the most commonly recovered object from the site.

Artifact W00-25 is a 12 pound cast-iron round shot. Shot like these would have been fired from a 12-pound cannon, which were common among both the British and American fleets. This type of object, along with other shot of varying caliber, make up the most commonly recovered object from the site.

Artifact W00-22 is a 12 pound cast-iron round shot. Shot like these would have been fired from a 12-pound cannon, which were common among both the British and American fleets. This type of object, along with other shot of varying caliber, make up the most commonly recovered object from the site.

Artifact 05-78 is a 12 pound cast-iron round shot. Shot like these would have been fired from a 12-pound cannon, which were common among both the British and American fleets. This type of object, along with other shot of varying caliber, make up the most commonly recovered object from the site.

Artifact W00-12 is a cast iron solid round shot. According to the British Order of Battle for the gunboats, the Infernal was the only British gunboat armed with a 24-pounder positioned in the Left Division. This artifact has not been documented in detail.

Artifact 05-56 is a 24 pound cast-iron round shot. There is a visible British broad arrow on the artifact's surface, indicating that this shot was made for the British fleet.

Artifact W00-09 is a 4-pound cast-iron round shot. Historic sources suggest that none of the British vessels carried four-pound cannon, so this cast iron round shot was most likely carried by the American fleet.

Artifact 02-01 is a 4 pound cast-iron round shot. It has a fairly smooth surface.

Artifact W01-02 is likely a 6 pound barshot. Its surface is mostly smooth apart from some cracks and chipped pieces along the center bar.

Artifact W00-26 is a 5.5" hollow cast-iron Howitzer shell. There were two British gunboats carrying this armament - the Carcass and the Blast.

Artifact W01-09 is a 5.5" hollow cast-iron Howitzer shell. There were two British gunboats carrying this armament - the Carcass and the Blast. There is a significant casting imperfection on this artifact. It is associated with W01-09.02, W01-09.03, and W01-09.04.

Artifact W01-15 is a 5.5" Howitzer shell. It is associated with W01-15.02, a wooden fuse.

Artifact W01-10 is a 5.5" Howitzer shell. This object has a heavy casting mark.

Artifact W01-14 was originally labeled as a 12 lb round shot in the VBRP report, but it is more likely a 5.5" Howitzer shell. It is associated with the fuse pieces W01-14.02 and W01-14.03.

Artifact W00-27 is a cast-iron 5.5" Howitzer shell. This artifact has not been documented in detail. It is associated with fuse piece W00-27.02.

Artifact W00-05 is a 6lb cast-iron round shot.

Artifact W00-01 is a 6lb cast-iron round shot. There are several holes around one side, possibly from air pockets while casting.

Artifact W01-07 is a 6 lb cast-iron round shot.

Artifact W00-14 is 6 lb cast-iron round shot. There are several holes along one side, possibly from air pockets during casting.

Artifact W00-28 is a 6lb cast-iron round shot.

Artifact W00-19 is a 6lb cast-iron round shot.

This artifact has no identification as of the 2022 inventory.

Artifact W01-13 is a 6 lb cast-iron round shot. There is some pitting around the outside of the object.

Artifact 02-02 is a 6 lb cast-iron round shot. There is some irregular shaping on the artifact's surface.

Artifact 01-05 is a cast-iron round shot. The label on this cast iron object is damaged and only the top of the "5" is visible. There is a British broad arrow cast into the shot's surface, indicating that this artifact was fired by a British vessel.

Artifact W01-11 is a 6lb round shot. There is some minor pitting and a few holes on the object's surface. There may be a British broad arrow on its surface as well, but this has not been confirmed.

Artifact W00-17 is a cast iron 6 lb round shot.

Artifact W00-06 is a 7 lb cast-iron Coehorn Mortar shell. There are some small holes along the artifact's surface, and the casting mark is partially uneven.

This artifact consists of a 41-pound (18.6kg), 8-in (20.3cm) diameter hollow cast iron sphere with 1in (2.5cm) thick walls. A slightly conical hole allows access to the powder cavity; it measures 1¼in (3.1cm) diameter at the top and 1⅛in (2.6cm) at the bottom. A portion of the wooden plug fuse was found in this hole. The fuse is made of a tapered piece of wood with a ⅜in (.95cm) hole bored through its 2in (5cm) length. This cavity would have been filled with a mixture of gunpowder, saltpeter, and alcohol that acted as the ignition mechanism for the large powder charge (approximately 2½ lbs [1.1kg]) located in the shell. At first, the presence of the 8-inch shell was perplexing. The Radeau Thunderer carried 8-Inch Howitzers, but would be unable to fire the shells from a distance, nor would they fire exploding rounds over the heads of the British gunboats. However, upon further research it was discovered that there were two British gunboats carrying 8-Inch Howitzers. These were the Firebrand and the Tartar. According to the British order of battle for the gunboats, the Firebrand was positioned in the Right Division and the Tartar was positioned in the Left Division. Since this shell was located along the Eastern end of the American line, it can be surmised that the British gunboat Firebrand commanded by Lieut. Dysart of the Royal Artillery was the boat that fired this shell.

Artifact W01-12 is an 8" cast-iron Howitzer shell. It was initially identified as a 12-pound mortar shell.

Artifact 00-02 is a 9lb cast iron round shot. There may be a British broad arrow cast into the artifact's surface, but this has not been confirmed.

Artifact W99-01 is a Lead Cannon Apron.

Artifact W01-04 is a lead cannon apron with a hole pierced in it. Given its size, it is likely an apron for a swivel gun.

Artifact 99-02 is the head of an iron belt axe with part of its wooden handle.

Artifact 99-09 is a piece of white lead bushing. The artifact is part of the carriage from the exploded cannon aboard the gunboat New York.

Artifact 01-01 is a dark colored lead bushing with minor damage from an explosion.

Artifact 99-05 is the wooden cartridge box that carried a soldier's musket balls and gunflint.

This artifact is a brass buckle. It was once connected to a cartridge box used during the Revolutionary War.

This artifact is a leather flap. This object was once connected to a cartridge box that was used during the Revolutionary War.

Artifact 00-10 is a piece of cast iron cluster (canister or case) shot. The ball measures ⅞in (2.2cm) in diameter and weighs 1.3 oz (36.4 g). The size and weight of the ball suggest that it came from a small caliber weapon, possibly a swivel gun. It is impossible to determine if this projectile is of American or British origin.

Item 99-12 is a piece of cast iron canister or case (cluster) shot. The ball measures ⅞in (2.2cm) in diameter and weighs 1.4 oz (39g). The size and weight of the ball suggests that it came from a small caliber weapon, quite possibly a swivel gun. It is impossible to determine if this projectile is of American or British origin.

Artifact 00-09 is a cast iron ball (cluster shot) measuring 1⅓in (3.4cm) in diameter and weighing 5.8 oz (162 g). These dimensions suggest two things. First, this projectile may have been fired out of an 18-pounder with 41 other balls of the same size in a round or canister. Second, the round may have been one of nine to come from a round of grape shot fired from a four-pounder

This artifact is a cast iron cluster shot (grape shot). The size and weight of the ball suggest that it came from a small caliber weapon, possibly a swivel gun. It could also be a piece of a 24–32-pound grape cluster.

Object 00-08 is a piece of canister (cluster) shot is 1in (2.5cm) in diameter and weighs 1.5 oz (42 g). These measurements suggest that this round was fired from a swivel gun.

W00-20 and W00-20.02 are two pieces of cluster shot (grape shot).

Artifact lot W00-08 are a collection of seven pieces of cast iron grape shot found in close proximity to each other. W00-08.01 is about half smooth and half pitted and uneven. W00-08.02 is quite smooth, but an imperfections in the casting process made it uneven. W00-08.03 is smooth with a small hole and is slightly irregular in shape. W00-08.04 is an irregularly shaped, rounded shot with a small hole on it and about half of its surface is pitted. W00-08.05 is heavily pitted on one side with evidence of casting imperfections. W00-08.06 has a large hole and is somewhat irregular and craggy in shape. W00-08.07 is a small smooth metal fragment.

Artifact 25-01 is the final fragment of the 6-pound cannon which exploded on October 11, 1776, aboard the Patriot gunboat New York during the Battle of Valcour Bay.

Artifact 05-72 is a pair of wrought iron fireplace tongs with a cuprous handle.

Artifact W00-13 is a fragment of a 5.5" Howitzer shell. It was misidentified in the VBRP report as a 12-pound cast-iron solid round shot. The fragment is approximately ½ of the original Howitzer shell. This artifact has not been well documented. There is an interesting accretion at the base of the fragment's interior.

Artifact W00-29 is a fragment of an 8" cast-iron Howitzer shell. There were two British gunboats carrying 8-Inch Howitzers, Firebrand and Tartar. This artifact has not been documented in detail.

Artifact W00-30 is a fragment of a cast-iron 8-inch Howitzer Shell. This object has not been documented in detail. There is interior pitting. A marking bisects the fragment's exterior, with the surface smooth on one side and pitted on the other.

Artifact 04-23 is a fragment of either a 5.5" or 8.5" Howitzer. Though this hasn't been confirmed.

This artifact is undergoing conservation.

Artifact 01-07 is a cannon barrel fragment. It is the sixth fragment of the six-pound cannon. This piece contains portions of the first and second reinforce.

Artifact 01-03 is a cannon barrel fragment. This fragment contains portions of the first and second reinforce. It appears this fragment fits together with 01-04 which was found nearby.

Artifact 00-05 is the left side of first reinforce and portion of breech of the exploded cannon.

Artifact 00-04 is a wedge shaped portion of the breech from the exploded cannon. This fragment is from the lower right section of exploded cannon barrel.

Artifact 00-01 is a fragment of the cannon carriage associated with the exploded cannon. It is made of wood and iron.

Artifact 99-10 is a piece of wood associated with the exploded cannon's carriage on the gunboat New York. It was once part of the top of the cannon carriage.

Artifact W01-06 is a cannon muzzle fragment. It appears that the muzzle was fractured during battle, either from a minor breach of the cannon during firing or a British cannon shot striking it. It is unknown which vessel this piece came from. However, based on the location that it was found, and the size of the cannon it belonged to (a six-pounder), it may have been from either the Row Galley Congress or Washington.

Artifact 99-01 is the muzzle portion of a cast-iron 6-pound cannon.

Artifact 01-04 is a cannon fragment. It contains the vent field and portions of the base ring and vent field rings. The vent is a simple angled hole into the bore of the gun that measures .9 cm in diameter. This fragment, which contains the touchhole, was discovered more than 200 ft from the muzzle fragment.

Artifact W01-09.03 is a small paper fragment of a fuse associated with 5 1/2" Howitzer shell W01-09. The paper is folded up on itself and very brittle.

Artifact W00-10.02 are a series of small wooden fragments of varying color and shape. The wooden cylinder is in two pieces. This could possibly be a light brown fuse. There is a small potentially charred piece that is a darker brown. Three fragments that were once connected. They are of an orange brown color that were also possibly a fuse. These three fragments are flaking. This artifact is associated with Coehorn Mortar shell W00-10.

Artifact W00-26.03 are two wooden fuse fragments from 5.5" Howitzer shell W00-26.

Artifact W00-06.02 are a series of wooden fuse fragments. These are associated with Mortar shell W00-06. It has broken into three pieces.

Artifact 04-29 is a fragment of a Howitzer shell. This piece is heavily pitted on both the interior and exterior.

Artifact 04-31 is a fragment of a cast-iron bomb shell. This artifact has not been documented in detail.

Artifact 04-28 is a fragment of a Howitzer shell. It has an irregular shape and smooth interior and minor pitting on the exterior.

Artifact 04-32 is a fragment of a cast-iron bomb shell. This artifact has not been documented in detail.

Artifact 05-94 is a fragment of a cast iron Howitzer shell. It is somewhat triangular in shape with minor pitting on its exterior.

Artifact 05-85 is a fragment of a cast-iron Howitzer shell. It has an irregular shape with virtually no pitting with a minor impression mark.

Artifact 05-92 is a fragment of a cast-iron Howitzer shell. It has an irregular shape with virtually no pitting on the outside. There is a single line casting mark circles the middle of the fragment. There is some interior pitting. This object fits with 05-96 as part of the same shell.

Artifact 05-96 is a fragment of a cast-iron Howitzer shell. It has an irregular shape. There is virtually no pitting on the outside. A single line casting mark circles the middle of the fragment. There is some interior pitting. This object fits with 05-92 as part of the same shell.

Artifact 04-21 is a fragment of a cast-iron bomb shell. It is unclear at this time if it was fired from a 5.5 or 8.5 Howitzer. There is the appearance of small half circles, possibly from casting. Interior pitting. There's a minor marking at the base, possibly to hold the object upright.

Artifact 05-97 is a cast iron bombshell fragment is an upper portion of the shell. The exterior is smooth, the interior is pitted. There are two roughly straight edges while the rest are rounded.

Artifact 05-79 is a bomb shell fragment. It has a is a smooth interior with a heavily pitted exterior, and has an irregular rectangular shape.

Artifact 04-33 is a fragment of a cast-iron bomb shell. It has not been documented in detail.

Artifact 04-34 is a fragment of a cast-iron bomb shell. It has not been documented in detail.

Artifact 04-42 is a fragment of a Howitzer shell.

Artifact 04-30 is a fragment of a cast-iron Howitzer shell.

Artifact 04-25 is a fragment of a Howitzer shell. This artifact has not been documented in detail.

Artifact W99-04.02 is a fragment of a musket barrel. It is made of iron. There are many holes and cracks throughout the barrel.

Artifact W99-04 is a fragment of a musket barrel. It is primarily made of a dark colored wood. It has fragments of wrought iron screws protruding from the center and one end of the artifact.

Artifact W99-04.03 is a fragment of a musket lock with the gunflint still in place. It is associated with W99-04 and W99-04.02.

Artifact 04-57 is a musket lock fragment missing its spring. This is the front half of the side plate of a musket lock, flash pin intact. Found adjacent to where we think the Philadelphia rested on the lake bottom. Hagglund's collection includes half of a flint lock, and may be the exact match for this piece, confirming the location of the Philadelphia's resting place. It is possible that this piece was part of a musket that exploded from overuse, similar to the exploded cannon on the gunboat New York.

Artifact 01-07.02 are a collection of wood shavings that are associated with cannon barrel fragment 01-07.

Artifact 04-11 is a fragment of a shot mold.

Artifact lot 00-06 is a collection of 4 pieces of sword fragments. They may be associated with 01-02. The blade has a triangular cross-sectional shape with a ferule running the length of the fragment. Researchers believed this might be a bayonet blade, however, the width of the blade and the extension of the top-side groove along the entire length of the artifact isnt consistent with a bayonet blade. the type of blade suggests that it was part of a small sword, similar in type to what an officer would have worn.

Artifact 99-06 is an amorphous iron fragment with no worked surface apparent. May be a fragment of the burst cannon or simply a piece of scrap metal.

Artifact 99-04 is an amorphous fragment with no worked surface apparent. It is possible that this fragment of the burst cannon or simply a piece of scrap metal.

Artifact 05-87 is an unidentified iron object with interior pitting that is more drastic than the exterior. An irregular long and narrow shape with a small circle that has been formed.

Artifact 05-93 is an unidentified iron fragment. It is roughly triangular in shape, with a smooth exterior with pitted interior.

Artifact 05-77 is a small fragment with minor interior and exterior pitting. There is a small hole on the exterior. This is an irregular shape.

Artifact 04-20 was found on 8/19/2004 at the bottom of Valcour Bay. It is unclear if it was fired from a 5.5 or 8.5 Howitzer. Small and irregular in shape with the interior mostly smooth the exterior has severe pitting.